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Can cash transfers prevent inter-generational poverty in South Africa?

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eldis.org -

"Cash transfers reduce current poverty by enhancing poor people’s access to food and other basic needs. Claims for long term impacts can also made, based on recipients’ investment of cash grants in their farm, business or human capital. Evidence from South Africa confirms that cash transfers achieve positive education, health and nutrition outcomes – even without attaching conditions."

Added by Zunia on March 21, 2010

Sustainable livelihoods and pro-poor market development

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eldis.org -

"Specific interventions are needed to build people’s confidence and self-esteem and encourage them to engage in market-based livelihood activities. Social differences clearly create barriers: better understanding is needed of how systems of exclusion operate and how pro-poor market approaches can overcome them."

Added by Zunia on March 21, 2010

Alleviating the worst of poverty with water, resilience and innovation

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ifpri.org -

The CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF) aims to increase the resilience of social and ecological systems through better water management for food production. In its second research phase, from 2009-2013, it focuses on key water-for-food development challenges within large river basins of key importance for smallholder water and food security.In this seminar, the Director of the CPWF, Alain Vidal; the Research Director, Larry Harrington, and a CPWF team member, Amanda Harding will more...

Added by Zunia on March 19, 2010

The Environmental Food Crisis

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reliefweb.int -

The surge in food prices in the last years, following a century of decline, has been the most marked of the past century in its magnitude, duration and the number of commodity groups whose prices have increased. The ensuing crisis has resulted in a 50-200% increase in selected commodity prices, driven 110 million people into poverty and added 44 million more to the undernourished. Elevated food prices have had dramatic impacts on the lives and livelihoods, including increased infant and child more...

Added by Zunia on March 18, 2010

Comparing Food and Cash Transfers to the Ultra-Poor in Bangladesh

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ifpri.org -

Bangladesh has some social safety net programs that transfer food to the poor, some that transfer cash, and some that provide a combination of both. This study evaluates the relative impacts of food and cash transfers on food security and livelihood outcomes among the ultra poor in Bangladesh. The programs impacts are evaluated according to various measures, including how well transfers are delivered; which transfers beneficiaries prefer; how accurately the programs target the extremely poor; more...

Added by Zunia on March 17, 2010

Risk, Poverty, and Insurance

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ifpri.org -

Risk remains an important cause of the persistence of poverty in developing countries. Insurance may not be a panacea, but it can offer a useful complement to other microfinance and more general interventions to fight poverty. Designing insurance products is relatively straightforward, but the uptake of these products by the poor is likely to be low at first. Building on existing mutual support institutions may offer a cost-effective, group-based mechanism to spread insurance targeted to the more...

Added by Zunia on March 16, 2010

Understanding the Relationship between Economic Growth, Employment and Poverty Reduction

+1

oecd.org -

Whether they are subsistence farmers, salaried workers, or self-employed entrepreneurs, poor people derive most of their income from work. This basic fact means that the level of employment, the quality of jobs, and the access which the poor have to decent earnings opportunities will be crucial determinants of poverty reduction.The objective of this paper has been to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between employment and poverty reduction. Its goals have been to provide more...

Added by Zunia on March 16, 2010

International Food Prices and Poverty in Indonesia

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rspas.anu.edu.au -

This paper argues that recent increases in international food prices worsened poverty incidence in Indonesia, even though many poor farmers benefited. This conclusion is based on the application of a multi-sectoral, multihousehold general equilibrium model of the Indonesian economy.

Added by Zunia on March 14, 2010

International Intellectual Property Rights: Effects on Growth, Welfare and Income Inequality

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econ.sinica.edu.tw -

What are the effects of increasing developing countries’ intellectual property rights protection on growth, welfare and income inequality in the global economy? To analyze this question, the authors develop a two-country R&D-growth model with wealth heterogeneity. It is found that there exists a critical degree for the domestic importance of foreign goods below (above) which global welfare decreases (increases). In light of these findings, this report discusses policy implications on more...

Added by Zunia on March 14, 2010

Polarization and the Decline of the Middle Class: Canada and the US

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ophi.org.uk -

In this paper the authors propose a range-free approach to measuring the middle class and polarization, based on partial orderings. The authors apply the new methodology to income and earnings data from the US and Canada, and find that polarization is on the rise in the US but is stable or declining in Canada. A cross-country comparison reveals the US to be unambiguously more polarized than Canada.

Added by Zunia on March 10, 2010

Human Capital and the Quality of Education in a Poverty Trap Model

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ophi.org.uk -

This paper presents a model of a poverty trap that is caused by an unequal initial income and human capital distribution, and differences in the quality of education between children from the more and less advantaged social sectors. The model suggests that a policy oriented to equalizing the quality of education would, in the long run, have potential in reducing initial inequalities.

Added by Zunia on March 10, 2010

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Lower Partial Moments as a Measure of Vulnerability to Poverty in Cameroon

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wiwi.uni-hannover.de -

In this paper the class of Lower Partial Moments (LPMs) is used for measuring vulnerability as downside risk of household income in rural Cameroon. The results suggest that in the study area fishermen are less affected by adverse effects on income than other livelihood systems, while rice growers are the poorest and most vulnerable. It is also shown that rice and millet growers are suffering from chronic poverty, while transient poverty is more prevalent among the group of sorghum growers and more...

Added by Zunia on March 09, 2010

Economic Inequality and HIV in Malawi

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gupea.ub.gu.se -

In this paper, the authors analyze the relationship between economic inequality and HIV in Malawi, which has one of the highest HIV rates in the world, 11.9% in 2007 (UNAIDS, 2008). Specifically, the consider the effect of community-level inequality on the individual risk of HIV infection among Malawian women aged 15-24. The authors find a strong positive association between community inequality and the risk of HIV infection, while the relation to economic status, at the individual and communal more...

Added by Zunia on March 08, 2010

Estimating Income Poverty in the Presence of Missing Data and Measurement Error

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diw.de -

This paper considers the reliability of income poverty measures based on survey data which are typically plagued by missing data and measurement error. Neglecting these problems can bias the estimated poverty rates. It shows how to derive upper and lower bounds for the population poverty rate using the sample evidence, an upper bound on the probability of misclassifying people into poor and non-poor, and instrumental or monotone instrumental variable assumptions.

Added by Zunia on March 08, 2010

Agenda 2010: The Turning Point on Poverty

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dfid.gov.uk -

"Great strides have been made in achieving the MDGs, but the world is changing fast and there is much more to do. DFID’s conference will bring together leading technical experts to discuss the specific actions needed to achieve the MDGs. The focus will be on the most off-track MDGs – hunger and nutrition, education and health. The conference will also address the conditions needed to enable the MDGs to be met, including economic growth, stable states, the empowerment of women and tackling more...

Added by Zunia on March 07, 2010

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