This Policy Paper highlights SIPRI’s longstanding expertise and interest in multilateral peacekeeping, alongside its newly established Programme on China and Global Security. It describes the developments in China’s contributions to UN peacekeeping, the factors motivating these developments, and the prospects for Chinese peacekeeping and related activities. It also presents constructive recommendations aimed at policymakers in China and in Africa, Europe, the United Nations and the United States on deepening China’s commitment to multilateral peacekeeping operations and the multilateral peacekeeping regime.