China First is one of the most advanced of a number of proposed mines in the Galilee Basin in Queensland. This report examines the climate impact of the China First mine, considers whether the project can be assessed in isolation from the rest of the Galilee Basin, and extrapolates emissions calculations for China First to the remainder of the proposed development in the Basin. Emissions and coal production from the China First mine and the Galilee Basin are compared to the cumulative global carbon budget between now and 2050 to stay below 2oC global temperature rise. They are also compared to two low carbon energy scenarios aimed at remaining below this threshold, and the projected domestic emissions from Australia’s current targets.