The study highlights the need for a good mix of practices that emphasize the combination of a partnership approach to forest management (certification and JFM) with a 'forest conservation' paradigm (Protected Area systems). The main findings from the assessment of land use and management practices show a ranking of agroforestry, beekeeping and Community Based Natural Resource Management as the most optimal land use practices for REDD+. Agriculture is one of the key drivers of deforestation in Zambia. Agriculture may benefit from agroforestry technologies that have the potential for increasing soil fertility at low cost. This would reduce the need to open up forested land for cultivation due to declining fertility in cultivated fields. At the same time, agroforestry increases tree cover beyond what is obtained in natural forests.