This report addresses the mitigation of short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) and its key role in air pollution reduction, climate protection and sustainable development. SLCFs are substances in the atmosphere that contribute to global warming and have relatively short lifetimes in the atmosphere. The focus is on three SLCFs - black carbon, tropospheric ozone and methane - because reducing them will provide significant benefits through improved air quality and a slowing of near-term climate change.This report identifies priority areas and sectors for action in each region with the indicative costs and benefits. It also describes the many fora where fast action could occur—regional and national air quality agreements being a case in point. This report also outlines the important role of action at the global scale and the enabling actions that could facilitate and speed up implementation of SLCF measures.