This report considers the implications of current developments in the provision of private higher education. It concludes that private higher education is a growing phenomenon, that can bring benefits to students, governments and society more widely, so long as measures are in place to ensure high quality. However the current regulatory environment has developed piecemeal, and the Report argues that a new Private Higher Education Act is needed. It also concludes that private providers should be treated on the same footing as public, and that differences in their treatment should exist only where fully and explicitly justified.