Source: Thelancet.com - Zunia.org

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Featured country
- Oman
  
  People
  
  Population 2.6 mln
  
  Population growth 2%
  
  Life expectancy 76 years
  
  Net migration -150,000
  
  Economy
  
  GDP $35.73 bln
  
  - per capita $13,744
  
  - growth rate 7%
  
  FDI, net inflows $2.38 bln
  
  Infrastructure
  
  Cellphone users 96%
  
  Internet users 13%
  
  See country profile and 53 posts for Oman

Source: Thelancet.com

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How well do International drug conventions protect public health?

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thelancet.com –

Over the past 50 years international drug treaties have neither prevented the globalisation of the illicit production and non-medical use of these drugs, nor, outside of developed countries, made these drugs adequately available for medical use. The system has also arguably worsened the human health and wellbeing of drug users by increasing the number of drug users imprisoned, discouraging effective countermeasures to the spread of HIV by injecting drug users, and creating an environment more...

Added by

D C on February 15, 2012

New estimates of malaria deaths: concern and opportunity

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thelancet.com –

"This week we publish surprising and, on the face of it, disturbing findings. According to Christopher Murray and colleagues at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington in Seattle, there were 1·24 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 0·93—1·69 million) from malaria worldwide in 2010—around twice the figure of 655 000 estimated by WHO for the same year. How should the malaria community interpret this finding? Before we answer that question, we more...

Added by

John Daly on February 03, 2012

Global perspectives for prevention of infectious diseases associated with mass gatherings

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thelancet.com –

We assess risks of communicable diseases that are associated with mass gatherings (MGs), outline approaches to risk assessment and mitigation, and draw attention to some key challenges encountered by organisers and participants. Crowding and lack of sanitation at MGs can lead to the emergence of infectious diseases, and rapid population movement can spread them across the world. Many infections pose huge challenges to planners of MGs; however, these events also provide an opportunity to engage more...

Added by

Moushumi Biswas on January 25, 2012

Health-financing reforms in southeast Asia: challenges in achieving universal coverage

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thelancet.com –

Health-financing reforms in seven south-east-Asian countries are reviewed in this study. Those countries have sought to reduce dependence on out-of-pocket payments, increase pooled health finance, and expand service, stepping towards universal coverage.

Added by

Moushumi Biswas on January 04, 2012

Universal health coverage: friend or foe of health equity?

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thelancet.com –

Once again, calls for universality are being heard from health advocates and planners. Last time around, such calls were for achieving the health-for-all goal at the 1978 Alma-Ata conference. Now they are re-emerging, as more limited but nonetheless stirring appeals to seek universal coverage or access in a wide range of health-related areas such as HIV/AIDS,1 reproductive health,2 health insurance,3 and free health services, particularly for women and children.4 Reflecting such interest, more...

Added by

Farina Ahmed on June 29, 2011

Routine versus clinically driven laboratory monitoring of HIV antiretroviral therapy in Africa (DART): a randomised non-inferiority trial

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thelancet.com –

In this open, non-inferiority trial in three centres in Uganda and one in Zimbabwe, 3321 symptomatic, ART-naive, HIV-infected adults with CD4 counts less than 200 cells per μL starting ART were randomly assigned to laboratory and clinical monitoring (LCM; n=1659) or clinically driven monitoring (CDM; n=1662) by a computer-generated list. Haematology, biochemistry, and CD4-cell counts were done every 12 weeks. The Development of AntiRetroviral Therapy in Africa (DART) trial was designed to more...

Added by

D C on June 29, 2011

Addressing the vaccine confidence gap

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thelancet.com –

Public concerns about vaccine safety and vaccine legislation are as old as vaccines themselves - dating back to the anticompulsory vaccination league against mandated smallpox vaccination in the mid-1800s. Some common concerns shared by the antivaccination groups of the 1800s and those of today are related primarily to arguments against mandated vaccination, or imposed vaccine schedules. But current antivaccination groups have new levels of global reach and influence, empowered by the internet more...

Added by

D C on July 28, 2011

Public financing of health in developing countries: a cross-national systematic analysis

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thelancet.com –

Findings: +In all developing countries, public financing of health in constant US$ from domestic sources increased by nearly 100% (IMF 120%; WHO 88%) from 1995 to 2006. Overall, this increase was the product of rising GDP, slight decreases in the share of GDP spent by government, and increases in the share of government spending on health. At the country level, while shares of government expenditures to health increased in many regions, they decreased in many sub-Saharan African countries. The more...

Added by

John Daly on April 10, 2010

An assessment of interactions between global health initiatives and country health systems

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thelancet.com –

From the World Health Organization Maximizing Positive Synergies Collaborative GroupSince 2000, the emergence of several large disease-specific global health initiatives (GHIs) has changed the way in which international donors provide assistance for public health. Some critics have claimed that these initiatives burden health systems that are already fragile in countries with few resources, whereas others have asserted that weak health systems prevent progress in meeting disease-specific more...

Added by

Jan Goossenaerts on August 24, 2009

HIV in prison in low-income and middle-income countries

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thelancet.com –

"Prisons have the classic characteristics that can increase the risk of HIV transmission. High prevalence of HIV infection and the over-representation of injecting drug users (IDUs) in prisons combined with HIV risk behaviour create a crucial public health issue for correctional institutions and, at a broader level, the communities in which they are situated. This article in The Lancet details how the authors reviewed imprisonment, HIV prevalence, and the proportion of prisoners who are IDUs in more...

Added by

Imran Uddin on May 17, 2009

If Everyone With HIV Were Treated, It Would End the AIDS Epidemic

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thelancet.com –

A thought experiment, in the form of a mathematical model, indicates that a strategy of universal testing for HIV infection and immediate treatment of all cases could 'accelerate the transition from the present endemic phase, in which most adults living with HIV are not receiving ART, to an elimination phase, in which most are on ART, within 5 years. It could reduce HIV incidence and mortality to less than one case per 1000 people per year by 2016, or within 10 years of full implementation of more...

Added by

John Daly on November 26, 2008

The Health Migration Crisis: The Role of Four Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Countries

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thelancet.com –

The crisis of human resources for health that is affecting low-income countries and especially sub-Saharan Africa has been attributed, at least in part, to increasing rates of migration of qualified health staff to high-income countries. This article describes the conditions in four Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) health labour markets that have led to increasing rates of immigration. Popular explanations of these trends include ageing populations, growing incomes, more...

Added by

Maribeth Lovegrove on May 01, 2006

Containing HIV/AIDS in India: The Unfinished Agenda

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thelancet.com –

"Summary: India's HIV epidemic is not yet contained and prevention in populations most at risk (high-risk groups) needs to be enhanced and expanded. HIV prevalence as measured through surveillance of antenatal and sexually transmitted disease clinics is the chief source of information on HIV in India, but these data cannot provide real insight into where transmission is occurring or guide programme strategy. The factors that influence the Indian epidemic are the size, behaviours, and disease more...

Added by

Anuradha Bhattacharjee on August 02, 2006

Equity in use of home-based or facility-based skilled obstetric care in rural Bangladesh: an observational study

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thelancet.com –

Few studies have assessed whether the poorest people in developing countries benefit from giving birth at home rather than in a facility. This study analyzes whether socioeconomic status results in differences in the use of professional midwives at home and in a basic obstetric facility in a rural area of Bangladesh, where obstetric care was free of charge. Findings indicated that whether or not a midwife was used at home or in a facility differed significantly with wealth. The gap between more...

Added by

Maribeth Lovegrove on January 31, 2006

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thelancet.com –

One of the world's formost medical journals makes many of its published materials available free online (registration required). The site also includes links to key sources of biomedical information. A search on "HIV/AIDS" resulted in 668 articles (all apparently available gratis). A search on "Population and Reproductive Health" yielded 10862 articles. This was listed among the five most useful HIV/AIDS websites in a recent survey of developing country interested personnel.

Added by

John Daly on March 07, 2003

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